AdvancedA-005-005-007
Any FM wave with single-tone modulation has:
D
Answer
Antennas and transmission lines
Type
A
one sideband frequency
B
two sideband frequencies
C
four sideband frequencies
D
an infinite number of sideband frequencies
Answer Notes
In Frequency Modulation (FM), mathematical analysis using Bessel functions reveals that modulating a carrier with a single-tone audio signal produces an infinite series of sideband frequencies. These sidebands are spaced symmetrically around the carrier frequency at multiples of the modulating frequency.
This is a key difference between FM and Amplitude Modulation (AM). In standard AM, a single tone produces exactly two sideband frequencies (one upper and one lower). Because FM continuously varies the phase and frequency of the carrier, it generates a much more complex spectrum.
While an FM signal technically has an infinite number of sidebands, the power contained in sidebands farther from the carrier drops off rapidly. Therefore, for practical communication, we only consider the 'significant' sidebands when calculating bandwidth, even though the theoretical number is infinite.
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In an FM transmitter system, the amount of deviation from the centre frequency is determined solely by the:
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Some types of deviation meters work on the principle of: