What is a voltage drop?

In an electrical circuit, as current flows through a component that has resistance, a certain amount of electrical energy is consumed and converted into heat or work. This loss of electrical potential across the component is known as a voltage drop. According to Ohm's Law (V = I x R), the voltage drop across a resistor is directly proportional to both the current flowing through it and its resistance. The distractors mentioning transformers are incorrect because they describe overall voltage transformation (stepping down voltage for a whole circuit), rather than the localized loss of voltage across a specific resistive load.