Amateur ExtraE4D11

Why are odd-order intermodulation products, created within a receiver, of particular interest compared to other products?

A
Answer
Receivers, transmitters, and measurements
Type
A
Odd-order products of two signals in the band being received are also likely to be within the band
B
Odd-order products are more likely to overload the IF filters
C
Odd-order products are an indication of poor image rejection
D
Odd-order intermodulation produces three products for every input signal within the band of interest

Answer Notes

Intermodulation products are created when signals mix inside a receiver. Odd-order products, particularly third-order products (calculated as 2F1 - F2 or 2F2 - F1), are highly problematic because their resulting frequencies fall very close to the original frequencies. If two strong signals are present within the same amateur band, their odd-order intermodulation products will likely also fall within that same band. This means the receiver's standard front-end band-pass filters cannot block them, and they will appear as spurious signals interfering with desired weak signals. Even-order products (like F1 + F2) generally fall far away from the original band and are easily rejected by the receiver's front-end filtering. Therefore, odd-order products are the primary concern for in-band interference.
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What does a third-order intercept level of 40 dBm mean with respect to receiver performance?
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What is the link margin in a system with a transmit power level of 10 W (+40 dBm), a system antenna gain of 10 dBi, a cable loss of 3 dB, a path loss of 136 dB, a receiver minimum discernable signal of -103 dBm, and a required signal-to-noise ratio of 6 dB?