Amateur ExtraE5B01
What is the term for the time required for the capacitor in an RC circuit to be charged to 63.2% of the applied voltage or to discharge to 36.8% of its initial voltage?
B
Answer
Electrical principles and calculations
Type
A
An exponential rate of one
B
One time constant
C
One exponential period
D
A time factor of one
Answer Notes
In an RC (resistor-capacitor) circuit, the rate at which a capacitor charges or discharges is determined by the circuit's time constant. The time constant, represented by the Greek letter tau, is calculated simply by multiplying the resistance by the capacitance.
Mathematically, the charging and discharging curves follow an exponential function based on Euler's number (e). After exactly one time constant has passed, a charging capacitor will reach approximately 63.2% of the applied source voltage.
Similarly, when discharging, the capacitor's voltage will decay to about 36.8% of its initial value. The standard engineering term for this specific time duration is 'one time constant'.
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