In what configuration are the individual cells in a solar panel connected together?

A single solar cell produces a very small voltage (around 0.5 volts) and a limited amount of current. To create a practical solar panel that can charge a 12-volt battery or power an amateur radio, the individual cells must be grouped together to increase both the overall voltage and current capacity. Cells are first connected in series to add their voltages together until the desired output voltage is reached. These series strings are then connected in parallel to increase the total current capacity. This combined series-parallel configuration yields a solar panel with a usable power output. Distractors like 'shunt' or 'full-wave bridge' relate to power supply regulation and AC rectification, not solar cell arrangement.