How does a capacitor react to AC?

A capacitor naturally blocks direct current (DC) but allows alternating current (AC) to flow by continually charging and discharging. As the frequency of the AC signal increases, the capacitor charges and discharges much more rapidly, offering less opposition to the flow of the current. As a result, its capacitive reactance decreases. The mathematical formula for capacitive reactance is X_C = 1 / (2 π f C). Because the frequency (f) is in the denominator, an increase in frequency inherently causes the total reactance value to decrease. Amplitude variations do not alter a component's reactance, making the options mentioning amplitude incorrect.