How is the polarization of an antenna described?

The polarization of an antenna is strictly defined by the orientation of the electric field of the radio wave it radiates. For example, if an antenna's elements are mounted vertically (perpendicular to the earth), its electric field is vertical, making it a vertically polarized antenna. Radio waves consist of both an electric field and a magnetic field that travel at right angles to each other. However, by scientific convention, the polarization of the overall wave is always determined solely by the electric field, making the magnetic field, the shape of the element, and the direction of radiation incorrect choices.