What type of analysis is commonly used for modeling antennas?

The Method of Moments (MoM) is the standard numerical computational technique used in popular amateur radio antenna modeling software, such as NEC (Numerical Electromagnetics Code), EZNEC, and 4NEC2. MoM calculates the complex electromagnetic fields by discretizing the antenna geometry to evaluate the currents on the antenna structure, which then allows the software to compute the radiation pattern, gain, and impedance. While calculus and mutual impedance are concepts involved in antenna theory, 'Method of Moments' is the specific name of the overall analysis technique used by these software tools.