When may an amateur station transmit without identifying on the air?

The FCC generally requires all amateur radio stations to identify themselves by transmitting their assigned call sign at least every 10 minutes and at the end of a communication. However, a unique exception is made for the remote control of model craft, such as RC airplanes, cars, or boats. Because it is technologically impractical to send a voice or Morse code ID over a dedicated remote control link without disrupting the control signals, the FCC allows these specific transmissions to be made without on-air identification. Instead of identifying over the air, the operator must affix a physical label containing their name, call sign, and address directly to the station transmitter (the remote controller). Distractors like brief tuning adjustments or low-power transmissions still strictly require on-air identification.